Native Functions

Native Functions, Explained

Defined in ./src/types/types.d.ts, a C0Native object represents a native function in the C0 Virtual Machine that can be called during the runtime.

type C0Native = {
    numArgs: number;
    readonly functionType: C0NativeFuncType;
    readonly f: (hooks: ReactUIHook, mem: C0HeapAllocator, ...args: C0Value<C0TypeClass>[]) => 
        C0Value<C0TypeClass>;
};

Specifically, the property of f represents the code of native function that can be dynamically loaded during runtime.

The function header of f is defined as

type f: (hooks: ReactUIHook, mem: C0HeapAllocator, ...args: C0Value<C0TypeClass>[]) => 
        C0Value<C0TypeClass>;

This means f will take a bunch of react hooks to update the react state (e.g. printout value), a memory allocator (to allocate or extract value from heap memory), and several (1 to more) C0Value arguments.

Implementation Progress

In original C0VM, a bunch of native functions are implemented in C and connected to C0VM to support the system calls (e.g. receive user input, etc.).

The list of native functions is listed below:

✅ - Currently Support

⌛ - Development in Progress, will be supported

❌ - No Recent Plan for implementation

Command Line Arguments ⌛

Native Functions	Support?
NATIVE_ARGS_FLAG	⌛
NATIVE_ARGS_INT	⌛
NATIVE_ARGS_PARSE	⌛
NATIVE_ARGS_STRING	⌛

Standard I/O ✅

Native Functions	Support?
NATIVE_EOF	​​✅ (Always return true since there's no file read in C0VM.ts)
NATIVE_FLUSH	✅ (Always return true since there's no "buffering" in React UI Update)
NATIVE_PRINT	✅
NATIVE_PRINTBOOL	✅
NATIVE_PRINTCHAR	✅
NATIVE_PRINTINT	✅
NATIVE_PRINTLN	✅
NATIVE_READLINE	✅

Cursor ❌

There are no recent plans to implement native functions in this category (NATIVE_INDEX = [12, 54])

Double Arithmetic ❌

We will not support this since there is no double type in C0/C1 language. (NATIVE_INDEX=[55, 62))

File I/O ❌

There are no recent plans to implement native functions in this category (NATIVE_INDEX=[62, 67))

Float Arithmetic ❌

We will not support this since there is no float type in C0/C1 language. (NATIVE_INDEX=[67, 77))

Native Functions	Support?
NATIVE_PRINT_HEX	✅
NATIVE_PRINT_INT	✅

Image ❌

There are no recent plans to implement native functions in this category (NATIVE_INDEX = [77, 85))

Parse String ✅

Native Functions	Support?
NATIVE_INT_TOKENS	✅
NATIVE_NUM_TOKENS	✅
NATIVE_PARSE_BOOL	✅
NATIVE_PARSE_INT	✅
NATIVE_PARSE_INTS	✅
NATIVE_PARSE_TOKENS	✅

String Operations ✅

Native Functions	Support?
NATIVE_CHAR_CHR	✅
NATIVE_CHAR_ORD	✅
NATIVE_STRING_CHARAT	✅
NATIVE_STRING_COMPARE	✅
NATIVE_STRING_EQUAL	✅
NATIVE_STRING_FROM_CHARARRAY	✅
NATIVE_STRING_FROMBOOL	✅
NATIVE_STRING_FROMCHAR	✅
NATIVE_STRING_FROMINT	✅
NATIVE_STRING_JOIN	✅
NATIVE_STRING_LENGTH	✅
NATIVE_STRING_SUB	✅
NATIVE_STRING_TERMINATED	✅
NATIVE_STRING_TO_CHARARRAY	✅
NATIVE_STRING_TOLOWER	✅